Identifies DNS queries to known Large Language Model domains by unsigned binaries or common Windows scripting utilities. Malwares may leverage the capabilities of LLM to perform actions in the affected system in a dynamic way.

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Detects when a discovery command is executed followed by the immediate modification of a suspicious file via the same process. Many types of malware execute discovery commands, save the output to a file, and then exfiltrate that file via their C2 channel.

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Detects when a DNS request is made for an IP lookup service to determine the external IP address of the system via an unsigned or untrusted binary. This is commonly used by malware for reconnaissance before establishing C2 connections.

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Detects executable file downloads via wget to suspicious locations such as /tmp or /Users/Shared. Threat actors commonly use wget to download malicious payloads and additional tools for post-exploitation.

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Detects applications making a curl request to a known public IP address lookup web service. Malware commonly performs this action during reconnaissance to assess potential targets and identify the victim's external IP address.

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Detects suspicious access to the /Library/Preferences/com.apple.TimeMachine.plist file, indicating a potential attempt to verify or exploit Full Disk Access (FDA) permissions. This file is often checked by malware to confirm FDA privileges, which allow unrestricted access to sensitive user data.

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Detects when Perl makes an outbound network connection to a non-private IP address. Perl is a scripting language that comes pre-installed on macOS and offers extensive capabilities for adversaries. Its use for network connections on macOS systems is uncommon and potentially suspicious.

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Detects the execution of a script interpreter followed by an outbound network connection to a raw IP address on a non-standard port. Many initial access scripts and malware implants connect directly to C2 or payload servers using non-standard ports to avoid detection.

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Detects suspicious creation or modification of the Apple Mail SyncedRules plist file by a non-Mail application. An adversary could establish persistence by creating or modifying an Apple Mail rule to point to a script file on disk, which will execute when an email matching the trigger is received.

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Detects when a script interpreter (osascript, Node.js, Python) with minimal arguments makes an outbound connection to AWS S3 or CloudFront domains. Threat actors have used S3 buckets for both command and control and data exfiltration. Script interpreters connecting to cloud storage should be investigated for potential malicious activity.

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Detects the unusual use of csrutil by a macOS application to check System Integrity Protection (SIP) status. While not malicious in itself, this activity is highly indicative of malware verifying it is not running in a virtual machine or protected environment prior to executing its payload.

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Detects when the SystemConfiguration preferences plist file is accessed by an unusual or suspicious process. This may indicate an attempt to gain situational awareness on a target system by reading network configuration details.

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Identifies the use of the QEMU hardware emulator to potentially tunnel network traffic between Virtual machines. This can be used by attackers to enable routing of network packets that would otherwise not reach their intended destination.

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Detects when curl is executed via a shell profile upon login. This indicates a curl command was added to the user's shell profile (like .zshrc or .bashrc) and is executed automatically at login, which could be used for persistence and payload delivery.

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Detects the use of process environment variables (DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES or LD_PRELOAD) to inject a shared library into a binary at or prior to execution. A threat actor may use this technique to load a malicious shared library for persistence, privilege escalation, and defense evasion. This activity is uncommon and typically indicates malicious behavior.

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Detects when macOS Gatekeeper is overridden followed by execution of the same binary from a suspicious location. This behavior indicates an attempt to bypass Apple's security controls and execute potentially malicious software downloaded from the internet.

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Detects a two-stage Google Calendar C2 pattern where a scripting runtime (Node.js, Python, osascript) first connects to calendar.app.google to retrieve a hidden C2 address, then initiates a secondary connection to the decoded C2 host. This sequence is characteristic of packages using Unicode steganography in Google Calendar events to stage dynamic command-and-control endpoints.

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Detects the manual loading of a Chromium-based browser extension via command line arguments. This activity is suspicious and could indicate a threat actor loading a malicious extension to persist or collect browsing secrets such as cookies and authentication tokens.

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Detects when a package service such as npm, gems, or a script interpreter makes an outbound network connection to an OAST (Out-of-band Application Security Testing) domain. Threat actors have been using OAST domains to exfiltrate sensitive data from compromised systems via malicious packages.

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Detects when an unusual parent process like Node.js, Python, or osascript executes the pbpaste binary to access clipboard data. This technique has been used by malware like OtterCookie to steal passwords and seed phrases from the clipboard.

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Identifies the creation of a hidden launch agent or daemon property list file. An adversary may establish persistence by installing a new launch agent or daemon which executes at login. Hidden plist files with filenames starting with a dot are particularly suspicious.

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Identifies the creation of a launch agent or daemon property list file containing abnormal or suspicious values. An adversary may establish persistence by installing a new launch agent or daemon which executes at login. This rule looks for plist files created in LaunchAgents/LaunchDaemons directories with paths commonly used by malware.

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Detects when a scripting interpreter makes an outbound network connection to an Ethereum blockchain endpoint for command and control purposes. Adversaries may leverage Ethereum blockchain infrastructure as a covert C2 channel to receive commands and exfiltrate data, as observed in campaigns like SleepyDuck malware.

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Identifies the use of the grep command to discover known third-party macOS and Linux security tools, such as Antivirus or Host Firewall details.

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Detects when a sensitive file is accessed followed by the immediate creation of a compressed file in a suspicious location. This activity can indicate an attempt to collect sensitive local data and stage it for exfiltration.

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Detects the use of curl by a macOS application binary to connect to a raw IP URI and download a second stage payload. Threat actors often utilize a benign looking or legitimate application as a first stage dropper. Curl is commonly used as it doesn't enforce Gatekeeper checks.

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Detects the use of curl to a Google Script endpoint for the purpose of downloading a second stage payload or tool. Threat actors utilize exposed Google Script endpoints to host payloads as Google URLs are generally whitelisted and bypass security controls.

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Detects curl requests to JAMF Pro endpoints from suspicious processes like unsigned binaries or scripting interpreters. This indicates potential abuse of stolen JAMF credentials for lateral movement in enterprise macOS environments.

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Detects when an installer package executes a pre or post install script that immediately copies a file to suspicious locations on the filesystem. This activity is not common and usually indicates a malicious package attempting to install persistence or establish a working directory for malware.

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Detects the execution of an unsigned or untrusted binary followed by an outbound network connection to a raw IP address on a non-standard port. Many malicious payloads will connect directly to C2 or a payload server using non-standard ports.

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Detects the creation or modification of a StartupParameters.plist file, indicating the presence of a StartupItem on the system. StartupItems have been deprecated on modern macOS systems (post Mavericks) in favor of Launch Daemons but still function. Creation of a StartupItem should be highly suspicious as legitimate applications no longer use this method for persistence.

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Detects when TCC access is granted for multiple user folders like Desktop, Downloads and Documents in quick succession. Many information stealers require TCC permissions to access these locations and will prompt users to grant access for data exfiltration.

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Detects when a Python process loads an unusual library from within the user's home directory where the file is not a standard .so or .dylib file. This technique has been observed in APT campaigns by the Lazarus Group and Slow Pisces to load malicious payloads.

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Identifies attempts to unload the Elastic Endpoint Security kernel extension via the kextunload command.

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The hosts file on endpoints is used to control manual IP address to hostname resolutions. The hosts file is the first point of lookup for DNS hostname resolution so if adversaries can modify the endpoint hosts file, they can route traffic to malicious infrastructure. This rule detects modifications to the hosts file on Microsoft Windows, Linux (Ubuntu or RHEL) and macOS systems.

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Identifies changes to the Safari configuration using the built-in defaults command. Adversaries may attempt to enable or disable certain Safari settings, such as enabling JavaScript from Apple Events to ease in the hijacking of the users browser.

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Identifies use of Bifrost, a known macOS Kerberos pentesting tool, which can be used to dump cached Kerberos tickets or attempt unauthorized authentication techniques such as pass-the-ticket/hash and kerberoasting.

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Identifies use of the Secure Copy Protocol (SCP) to copy files locally by abusing the auto addition of the Secure Shell Daemon (sshd) to the authorized application list for Full Disk Access. This may indicate attempts to bypass macOS privacy controls to access sensitive files.

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Identifies the use of osascript to execute scripts via standard input that may prompt a user with a rogue dialog for credentials.

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Identifies the execution of and EggShell Backdoor. EggShell is a known post exploitation tool for macOS and Linux.

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Indicates the creation or modification of a launch daemon, which adversaries may use to repeatedly execute malicious payloads as part of persistence.

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Adversaries may modify the standard authentication module for persistence via patching the normal authorization process or modifying the login configuration to allow unauthorized access or elevate privileges.

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Identifies potentially malicious processes communicating via a port paring typically not associated with HTTP/HTTPS. For example, HTTP over port 8443 or port 440 as opposed to the traditional port 80 , 443. Adversaries may make changes to the standard port a protocol uses to bypass filtering or muddle analysis/parsing of network data.

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Identifies potentially malicious processes communicating via a port paring typically not associated with SSH. For example, SSH over port 2200 or port 2222 as opposed to the traditional port 22. Adversaries may make changes to the standard port a protocol uses to bypass filtering or muddle analysis/parsing of network data.

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Identifies the attempted use of a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability for the Sudo binary in Unix-like systems (CVE-2021-3156). Successful exploitation allows an unprivileged user to escalate to the root user.

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Detects suspicious child process execution from the OpenClaw, Moltbot, or Clawdbot AI coding agents running via Node.js. These tools can execute arbitrary shell commands through skills or prompt injection attacks. Malicious skills from public registries like ClawHub have been observed executing obfuscated download-and-execute commands targeting cryptocurrency wallets and credentials. This rule identifies shells, scripting interpreters, and common LOLBins spawned by these AI agents.

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Detects when GenAI tools access sensitive files such as cloud credentials, SSH keys, browser password databases, or shell configurations. Attackers leverage GenAI agents to systematically locate and exfiltrate credentials, API keys, and tokens. Access to credential stores (.aws/credentials, .ssh/id_*) suggests harvesting, while writes to shell configs (.bashrc, .zshrc) indicate persistence attempts. Note: On linux only creation events are available. Access events are not yet implemented.

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Detects GenAI tools connecting to unusual domains on macOS. Adversaries may compromise GenAI tools through prompt injection, malicious MCP servers, or poisoned plugins to establish C2 channels or exfiltrate sensitive data to attacker-controlled infrastructure. AI agents with network access can be manipulated to beacon to external servers, download malicious payloads, or transmit harvested credentials and documents.

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Detects unusual modification of GenAI tool configuration files. Adversaries may inject malicious MCP server configurations to hijack AI agents for persistence, C2, or data exfiltration. Attack vectors include malware or scripts directly poisoning config files, supply chain attacks via compromised dependencies, and prompt injection attacks that abuse the GenAI tool itself to modify its own configuration. Unauthorized MCP servers added to these configs execute arbitrary commands when the AI tool is next invoked.

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This rule monitors for the unusual occurrence of outbound network connections to suspicious webservice domains.

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Generates a detection alert for each external alert written to the configured indices. Enabling this rule allows you to immediately begin investigating external alerts in the app.

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This detection correlates Suricata alerts with Elastic Defend network events to identify the source process performing the network activity.

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Detects when the Ollama LLM server accepts connections from external IP addresses. Ollama lacks built-in authentication, so exposed instances allow unauthenticated model theft, prompt injection, and resource hijacking.

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Identify instances where adversaries include trailing space characters to mimic regular files, disguising their activity to evade default file handling mechanisms.

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Identify activity related where adversaries can include a trap command which then allows programs and shells to specify commands that will be executed upon receiving interrupt signals.

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Identify activity related where adversaries can add the 'hidden' flag to files to hide them from the user in an attempt to evade detection. This behavior is often observed in attempts to conceal malicious files or maintain persistence on a compromised system.

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This rule detects when Node.js, directly or via a shell, spawns the curl or wget command. This may indicate command and control behavior. Adversaries may use Node.js to download additional tools or payloads onto the system.

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This rules identifies a process created from an executable with a space appended to the end of the filename. This may indicate an attempt to masquerade a malicious file as benign to gain user execution. When a space is added to the end of certain files, the OS will execute the file according to it's true filetype instead of it's extension. Adversaries can hide a program's true filetype by changing the extension of the file. They can then add a space to the end of the name so that the OS automatically executes the file when it's double-clicked.

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The Secure Shell (SSH) authorized_keys file specifies which users are allowed to log into a server using public key authentication. Adversaries may modify it to maintain persistence on a victim host by adding their own public key(s).

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A sudoers file specifies the commands that users or groups can run and from which terminals. Adversaries can take advantage of these configurations to execute commands as other users or spawn processes with higher privileges.

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An adversary may add the setuid or setgid bit to a file or directory in order to run a file with the privileges of the owning user or group. An adversary can take advantage of this to either do a shell escape or exploit a vulnerability in an application with the setuid or setgid bit to get code running in a different user’s context. Additionally, adversaries can use this mechanism on their own malware to make sure they're able to execute in elevated contexts in the future.

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Adversaries may attempt to clear or disable the Bash command-line history in an attempt to evade detection or forensic investigations.

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Timestomping is an anti-forensics technique which is used to modify the timestamps of a file, often to mimic files that are in the same folder.

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This rule detects suspicious child process activity from a React server application. This could be related to successful exploitation of CVE-2025-55182 or CVE-2025-66478. These vulnerabilities allow attackers to execute remote code due to insecure deserialization of React Server Components (RSC) Flight payloads, leading to unauthenticated RCE on servers running React 19.x or Next.js 14.3.0-canary+, 15.x, and 16.x with the App Router enabled

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Both ~/.bash_profile and ~/.bashrc are files containing shell commands that are run when Bash is invoked. These files are executed in a user's context, either interactively or non-interactively, when a user logs in so that their environment is set correctly. Adversaries may abuse this to establish persistence by executing malicious content triggered by a user’s shell.

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Identifies process execution events where the command line value contains a long sequence of whitespace characters or multiple occurrences of contiguous whitespace. Attackers may attempt to evade signature-based detections by padding their malicious command with unnecessary whitespace characters. These observations should be investigated for malicious behavior.

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This rule detects potential initial access activity where an adversary uploads a web shell or malicious script to a web server via a file upload mechanism (e.g., through a web form using multipart/form-data), followed by a GET or POST request to access the uploaded file. By checking the body content of HTTP requests for file upload indicators such as "Content-Disposition: form-data" and "filename=", the rule identifies suspicious upload activities. This sequence of actions is commonly used by attackers to gain and maintain access to compromised web servers.

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Detects when GenAI tools spawn compilers or packaging tools to generate executables. Attackers leverage local LLMs to autonomously generate and compile malware, droppers, or implants. Python packaging tools (pyinstaller, nuitka, pyarmor) are particularly high-risk as they create standalone executables that can be deployed without dependencies. This rule focuses on compilation activity that produces output binaries, filtering out inspection-only operations.

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Detects when GenAI tools connect to domains using suspicious TLDs commonly abused for malware C2 infrastructure. TLDs like .top, .xyz, .ml, .cf, .onion are frequently used in phishing and malware campaigns. Legitimate GenAI services use well-established domains (.com, .ai, .io), so connections to suspicious TLDs may indicate compromised tools, malicious plugins, or AI-generated code connecting to attacker infrastructure.

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Detects when GenAI processes perform encoding or chunking (base64, gzip, tar, zip) followed by outbound network activity. This sequence indicates data preparation for exfiltration. Attackers encode or compress sensitive data before transmission to obfuscate contents and evade detection. Legitimate GenAI workflows rarely encode data before network communications.

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This rule detects the execution of Node.js pre or post-install scripts. These scripts are executed by the Node.js package manager (npm) during the installation of packages. Adversaries may abuse this technique to execute arbitrary commands on the system and establish persistence. This activity was observed in the wild as part of the Shai-Hulud worm.

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This rule detects the execution of TruffleHog, a tool used to search for high-entropy strings and secrets in code repositories, which may indicate an attempt to access credentials. This tool was abused by the Shai-Hulud worm to search for credentials in code repositories.

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This rule detects potentially dangerous commands spawned by the GitHub Actions Runner.Worker process on self-hosted runner machines. Adversaries who gain the ability to modify or trigger workflows in a linked GitHub repository can execute arbitrary commands on the runner host. This behavior may indicate malicious or unexpected workflow activity, including code execution, file manipulation, or network exfiltration initiated through a compromised repository or unauthorized workflow.

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This rule detects the configuration of a GitHub Actions self-hosted runner using the Runner.Listener binary. When a machine is registered to a remote repository, its owner gains the ability to execute arbitrary workflow commands on that host. Unexpected or unauthorized runner registration may indicate adversarial activity aimed at establishing remote code execution via malicious GitHub workflows.

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This rule detects processes spawned by GitHub Actions runners where "RUNNER_TRACKING_ID" is overridden from its default "github_*" value. Such tampering has been associated with attempts to evade runner tracking/cleanup on self-hosted runners, including behavior observed in the Shai-Hulud 2.0 npm worm campaign.

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This rule detects the execution of Gitleaks, a tool used to search for high-entropy strings and secrets in code repositories, which may indicate an attempt to access credentials.

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This rule detects the creation of privileged containers that mount host directories into the container's filesystem. Such configurations can be exploited by attackers to escape the container isolation and gain access to the host system, potentially leading to privilege escalation and lateral movement within the environment.

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This detection correlates Palo Alto Networks (PANW) command and control events with Elastic Defend network events to identify the source process performing the network activity.

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This detection correlates FortiGate's application control SOCKS events with Elastic Defend network event to identify the source process performing SOCKS traffic. Adversaries may use a connection proxy to direct network traffic between systems or act as an intermediary for network communications to a command and control server to avoid direct connections to their infrastructure.

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This rule detects potential exploitation of CVE-2025-48384 via Git. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by leveraging Git's recursive clone feature to fetch and execute malicious scripts from a remote repository.

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Identifies the Elastic endpoint agent has stopped and is no longer running on the host. Adversaries may attempt to disable security monitoring tools in an attempt to evade detection or prevention capabilities during an intrusion. This may also indicate an issue with the agent itself and should be addressed to ensure defensive measures are back in a stable state.

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Identifies newly seen removable devices by device.serial_number and host.id using the Elastic Defend device mount events. While this activity is not inherently malicious, analysts can use those events to aid monitoring for data exfiltration over those devices.

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Detects execution via the Apple script interpreter (osascript) followed by a network connection from the same process within a short time period. Adversaries may use malicious scripts for execution and command and control.

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Identifies execution of the Apple script interpreter (osascript) without a password prompt and with administrator privileges.

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Detects attempts to disable Gatekeeper on macOS. Gatekeeper is a security feature that's designed to ensure that only trusted software is run. Adversaries may attempt to disable Gatekeeper before executing malicious code.

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Identifies attempts to enable the root account using the dsenableroot command. This command may be abused by adversaries for persistence, as the root account is disabled by default.

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Adversaries may install a root certificate on a compromised system to avoid warnings when connecting to their command and control servers. Root certificates are used in public key cryptography to identify a root certificate authority (CA). When a root certificate is installed, the system or application will trust certificates in the root's chain of trust that have been signed by the root certificate.

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Identifies the execution of macOS built-in commands to mount a Server Message Block (SMB) network share. Adversaries may use valid accounts to interact with a remote network share using SMB.

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Authorization plugins are used to extend the authorization services API and implement mechanisms that are not natively supported by the OS, such as multi-factor authentication with third party software. Adversaries may abuse this feature to persist and/or collect clear text credentials as they traverse the registered plugins during user logon.

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Identifies the creation of a hidden launch agent or daemon. An adversary may establish persistence by installing a new launch agent or daemon which executes at login.

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Identifies the execution of osascript to create a hidden login item. This may indicate an attempt to persist a malicious program while concealing its presence.

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Identifies the execution of macOS built-in commands used to dump user account hashes. Adversaries may attempt to dump credentials to obtain account login information in the form of a hash. These hashes can be cracked or leveraged for lateral movement.

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Adversaries may dump the content of the keychain storage data from a system to acquire credentials. Keychains are the built-in way for macOS to keep track of users' passwords and credentials for many services and features, including Wi-Fi and website passwords, secure notes, certificates, and Kerberos.

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Identifies the creation or modification of the Event Monitor Daemon (emond) rules. Adversaries may abuse this service by writing a rule to execute commands when a defined event occurs, such as system start up or user authentication.

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Identifies the execution of macOS built-in commands related to account or group enumeration. Adversaries may use account and group information to orient themselves before deciding how to act.

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Identifies attempts to execute a child process from within the context of an Electron application using the child_process Node.js module. Adversaries may abuse this technique to inherit permissions from parent processes.

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Identifies execution of the security_authtrampoline process via a scripting interpreter. This occurs when programs use AuthorizationExecute-WithPrivileges from the Security.framework to run another program with root privileges. It should not be run by itself, as this is a sign of execution with explicit logon credentials.

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Finder Sync plugins enable users to extend Finder’s functionality by modifying the user interface. Adversaries may abuse this feature by adding a rogue Finder Plugin to repeatedly execute malicious payloads for persistence.

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Identifies the use of the Kerberos credential cache (kcc) utility to dump locally cached Kerberos tickets. Adversaries may attempt to dump credential material in the form of tickets that can be leveraged for lateral movement.

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Adversaries may collect the keychain storage data from a system to acquire credentials. Keychains are the built-in way for macOS to keep track of users' passwords and credentials for many services and features such as WiFi passwords, websites, secure notes and certificates.

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Adversaries may collect keychain storage data from a system to in order to acquire credentials. Keychains are the built-in way for macOS to keep track of users' passwords and credentials for many services and features, including Wi-Fi and website passwords, secure notes, certificates, and Kerberos.

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An adversary can establish persistence by installing a new launch agent that executes at login by using launchd or launchctl to load a plist into the appropriate directories.

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Identifies modifications to an environment variable using the built-in launchctl command. Adversaries may execute their own malicious payloads by hijacking certain environment variables to load arbitrary libraries or bypass certain restrictions.

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Identifies the creation or modification of a DirectoryService PlugIns (dsplug) file. The DirectoryService daemon launches on each system boot and automatically reloads after crash. It scans and executes bundles that are located in the DirectoryServices PlugIns folder and can be abused by adversaries to maintain persistence.

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An adversary can establish persistence by modifying an existing macOS dock property list in order to execute a malicious application instead of the intended one when invoked.

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Detects modification of a Folder Action script. A Folder Action script is executed when the folder to which it is attached has items added or removed, or when its window is opened, closed, moved, or resized. Adversaries may abuse this feature to establish persistence by utilizing a malicious script.

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Identifies attempts to add an account to the admin group via the command line. This could be an indication of privilege escalation activity.

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Identifies attempts to create a local account that will be hidden from the macOS logon window. This may indicate an attempt to evade user attention while maintaining persistence using a separate local account.

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Identifies the creation of a suspicious zip file prepended with special characters. Sandboxed Microsoft Office applications on macOS are allowed to write files that start with special characters, which can be combined with an AutoStart location to achieve sandbox evasion.

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Identifies modifications to the Atom desktop text editor Init File. Adversaries may add malicious JavaScript code to the init.coffee file that will be executed upon the Atom application opening.

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Identifies the creation or modification of the default configuration for periodic tasks. Adversaries may abuse periodic tasks to execute malicious code or maintain persistence.

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Identifies the use of sqlite3 to directly modify the Transparency, Consent, and Control (TCC) SQLite database. This may indicate an attempt to bypass macOS privacy controls, including access to sensitive resources like the system camera, microphone, address book, and calendar.

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Identifies modifications to the root crontab file. Adversaries may overwrite this file to gain code execution with root privileges by exploiting privileged file write or move related vulnerabilities.

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Detects deletion of the quarantine attribute by an unusual process (xattr). In macOS, when applications or programs are downloaded from the internet, there is a quarantine flag set on the file. This attribute is read by Apple's Gatekeeper defense program at execution time. An adversary may disable this attribute to evade defenses.

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Detects use of the systemsetup command to enable remote SSH Login.

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Identifies when a screensaver plist file is modified by an unexpected process. An adversary can maintain persistence on a macOS endpoint by creating a malicious screensaver (.saver) file and configuring the screensaver plist file to execute code each time the screensaver is activated.

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Identifies the execution of the shell process (sh) via scripting (JXA or AppleScript). Adversaries may use the doShellScript functionality in JXA or do shell script in AppleScript to execute system commands.

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Identifies changes to the SoftwareUpdate preferences using the built-in defaults command. Adversaries may abuse this in an attempt to disable security updates.

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Adversaries may create or modify the Sublime application plugins or scripts to execute a malicious payload each time the Sublime application is started.

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Identifies the execution of the Automator Workflows process followed by a network connection from it's XPC service. Adversaries may drop a custom workflow template that hosts malicious JavaScript for Automation (JXA) code as an alternative to using osascript.

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Identifies the execution of a suspicious browser child process. Adversaries may gain access to a system through a user visiting a website over the normal course of browsing. With this technique, the user's web browser is typically targeted for exploitation.

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Identifies suspicious modifications of the calendar file by an unusual process. Adversaries may create a custom calendar notification procedure to execute a malicious program at a recurring interval to establish persistence.

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Detects attempts to exploit privilege escalation vulnerabilities related to the Adobe Acrobat Reader PrivilegedHelperTool responsible for installing updates. For more information, refer to CVE-2020-9615, CVE-2020-9614 and CVE-2020-9613 and verify that the impacted system is patched.

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Identifies attempts to create or modify a crontab via a process that is not crontab (i.e python, osascript, etc.). This activity should not be highly prevalent and could indicate the use of cron as a persistence mechanism by a threat actor.

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Identifies the execution of a suspicious child process of the Event Monitor Daemon (emond). Adversaries may abuse this service by writing a rule to execute commands when a defined event occurs, such as system start up or user authentication.

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Identifies the execution of a launchd child process with a hidden file. An adversary can establish persistence by installing a new logon item, launch agent, or daemon that executes upon login.

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Detects the execution of a MacOS installer package with an abnormal child process (e.g bash) followed immediately by a network connection via a suspicious process (e.g curl). Threat actors will build and distribute malicious MacOS installer packages, which have a .pkg extension, many times imitating valid software in order to persuade and infect their victims often using the package files (e.g pre/post install scripts etc.) to download additional tools or malicious software. If this rule fires it should indicate the installation of a malicious or suspicious package.

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Identifies the access or file open of web browser sensitive files by an untrusted/unsigned process or osascript. Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser.

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Keychains are the built-in way for macOS to keep track of users' passwords and credentials for many services and features, including Wi-Fi and website passwords, secure notes, certificates, and Kerberos. Adversaries may collect the keychain storage data from a system to acquire credentials.

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Identifies the use of the mount_apfs command to mount the entire file system through Apple File System (APFS) snapshots as read-only and with the noowners flag set. This action enables the adversary to access almost any file in the file system, including all user data and files protected by Apple’s privacy framework (TCC).

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Identifies the execution of macOS built-in commands to connect to an existing Virtual Private Network (VPN). Adversaries may use VPN connections to laterally move and control remote systems on a network.

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Identifies the use of the built-in networksetup command to configure webproxy settings. This may indicate an attempt to hijack web browser traffic for credential access via traffic sniffing or redirection.

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This rule monitors for the unusual occurrence of outbound network connections to suspicious top level domains.

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Identifies the execution of a Chromium based browser with the debugging process argument, which may indicate an attempt to steal authentication cookies. An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials.

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Identifies the deletion of WebServer access logs. This may indicate an attempt to evade detection or destroy forensic evidence on a system.

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Identifies suspicious file download activity from a Google Drive URL. This could indicate an attempt to deliver phishing payloads via a trusted webservice.

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Identifies use of the Defaults command to install a login or logoff hook in MacOS. An adversary may abuse this capability to establish persistence in an environment by inserting code to be executed at login or logout.

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Identifies suspicious child processes of frequently targeted Microsoft Office applications (Word, PowerPoint, and Excel). These child processes are often launched during exploitation of Office applications or by documents with malicious macros.

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Identifies when a child process is spawned by the screensaver engine process, which is consistent with an attacker's malicious payload being executed after the screensaver activated on the endpoint. An adversary can maintain persistence on a macOS endpoint by creating a malicious screensaver (.saver) file and configuring the screensaver plist file to execute code each time the screensaver is activated.

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Identifies a high volume of pbpaste executions, which may indicate a bash loop continuously collecting clipboard contents, potentially allowing an attacker to harvest user credentials or other sensitive information.

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Identifies users being added to the admin group. This could be an indication of privilege escalation activity.

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Identifies an outbound network connection by JAVA to LDAP, RMI or DNS standard ports followed by a suspicious JAVA child processes. This may indicate an attempt to exploit a JAVA/NDI (Java Naming and Directory Interface) injection vulnerability.

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Identifies the use of the AWS Systems Manager (SSM) SendCommand API with the either AWS-RunShellScript or AWS-RunPowerShellScript parameters. The SendCommand API call allows users to execute commands on EC2 instances using the SSM service. Adversaries may use this technique to execute commands on EC2 instances without the need for SSH or RDP access. This behavior may indicate an adversary attempting to execute commands on an EC2 instance for malicious purposes. This is a New Terms rule that only flags when this behavior is observed for the first time on a host in the last 7 days.

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Identifies a high number (20) of macOS SSH KeyGen process executions from the same host. An adversary may attempt a brute force attack to obtain unauthorized access to user accounts.

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Identifies the creation or modification of the login window property list (plist). Adversaries may modify plist files to run a program during system boot or user login for persistence.

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A sudoers file specifies the commands users or groups can run and from which terminals. Adversaries can take advantage of these configurations to execute commands as other users or spawn processes with higher privileges.

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Identifies the execution of a Python script that uses the ROT cipher for letters substitution. Adversaries may use this method to encode and obfuscate part of their malicious code in legit python packages.

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An adversary may attempt to get detailed information about the operating system and hardware. This rule identifies common locations used to discover virtual machine hardware by a non-root user. This technique has been used by the Pupy RAT and other malware.

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Identifies suspicious child processes of the Java interpreter process. This may indicate an attempt to execute a malicious JAR file or an exploitation attempt via a JAVA specific vulnerability.

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Identifies the execution of a shell process with suspicious arguments which may be indicative of reverse shell activity.

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