Credential Phishing: Suspicious subject with urgent financial request and link

This rule inspects messages where the subject is suspicious with less than 5 links and a relatively short body. Natural Language Understanding is being used to identify the inclusion of a financial, request, urgency and org entity from an unsolicited sender.

Sublime rule (View on GitHub)

  1name: "Credential Phishing: Suspicious subject with urgent financial request and link"
  2description: "This rule inspects messages where the subject is suspicious with less than 5 links and a relatively short body. Natural Language Understanding is being used to identify the inclusion of a financial, request, urgency and org entity from an unsolicited sender."
  3type: "rule"
  4severity: "medium"
  5source: |
  6  type.inbound
  7  and (
  8    0 < length(filter(body.links,
  9                      not strings.ilike(.display_text,
 10                                        "*privacy*",
 11                                        "*terms of service*",
 12                                        "Learn why this is important"
 13                      )
 14                      or .display_text is null
 15               )
 16    ) < 5
 17  )
 18  
 19  // negate webinar registrations
 20  and not any(body.links,
 21              .display_text =~ "REGISTER NOW"
 22              and .href_url.domain.root_domain == "secureclick.net"
 23  )
 24  
 25  // not all links are unsubscribe links
 26  and not all(body.links,
 27              (
 28                strings.icontains(.display_text, "unsubscribe")
 29                and strings.icontains(.href_url.path, "unsubscribe")
 30              )
 31              or (
 32                strings.icontains(.display_text, "deactivate")
 33                and strings.icontains(.href_url.path, "DeactivateAccount")
 34              )
 35  )
 36  
 37  // ignore emails in body
 38  and not all(body.links, .href_url.domain.domain in $free_email_providers)
 39  and length(body.current_thread.text) < 2000
 40  and length(subject.subject) < 100
 41  
 42  // and suspicious subject
 43  and regex.icontains(subject.subject,
 44                      // https://github.com/sublime-security/static-files/blob/master/suspicious_subjects_regex.txt
 45                      "termination.*notice",
 46                      "38417",
 47                      ":completed",
 48                      "[il1]{2}mit.*ma[il1]{2} ?bo?x",
 49                      "[il][il][il]egai[ -]",
 50                      "[li][li][li]ega[li] attempt",
 51                      "[ng]-?[io]n .*block",
 52                      "[ng]-?[io]n .*cancel",
 53                      "[ng]-?[io]n .*deactiv",
 54                      "[ng]-?[io]n .*disabl",
 55                      "action.*required",
 56                      "abandon.*package",
 57                      "about.your.account",
 58                      "acc(ou)?n?t (is )?on ho[li]d",
 59                      "acc(ou)?n?t.*terminat",
 60                      "acc(oun)?t.*[il1]{2}mitation",
 61                      "access.*limitation",
 62                      "account (will be )?block",
 63                      "account.*de-?activat",
 64                      "account.*locked",
 65                      "account.*re-verification",
 66                      "account.*security",
 67                      "account.*suspension",
 68                      "account.has.been",
 69                      "account.has.expired",
 70                      "account.will.be.blocked",
 71                      "account v[il]o[li]at",
 72                      "activity.*acc(oun)?t",
 73                      "almost.full",
 74                      "app[li]e.[il]d",
 75                      "authenticate.*account",
 76                      "been.*suspend",
 77                      "clos.*of.*account.*processed",
 78                      "confirm.your.account",
 79                      "courier.*able",
 80                      "deactivation.*in.*progress",
 81                      "delivery.*attempt.*failed",
 82                      "document.received",
 83                      "documented.*shared.*with.*you",
 84                      "dropbox.*document",
 85                      "e-?ma[il1]+ .{010}suspen",
 86                      "e-?ma[il1]{1} user",
 87                      "e-?ma[il1]{2} acc",
 88                      "e-?ma[il1]{2}.*up.?grade",
 89                      "e.?ma[il1]{2}.*server",
 90                      "e.?ma[il1]{2}.*suspend",
 91                      "email.update",
 92                      "faxed you",
 93                      "fraud(ulent)?.*charge",
 94                      "from.helpdesk",
 95                      "fu[il1]{2}.*ma[il1]+[ -]?box",
 96                      "has.been.*suspended",
 97                      "has.been.limited",
 98                      "have.locked",
 99                      "he[li]p ?desk upgrade",
100                      "heipdesk",
101                      "i[il]iega[il]",
102                      "ii[il]ega[il]",
103                      "incoming e?mail",
104                      "incoming.*fax",
105                      "lock.*security",
106                      "ma[il1]{1}[ -]?box.*quo",
107                      "ma[il1]{2}[ -]?box.*fu[il1]",
108                      "ma[il1]{2}box.*[il1]{2}mit",
109                      "ma[il1]{2}box stor",
110                      "mail on.?hold",
111                      "mail.*box.*migration",
112                      "mail.*de-?activat",
113                      "mail.update.required",
114                      "mails.*pending",
115                      "messages.*pending",
116                      "missed.*shipping.*notification",
117                      "missed.shipment.notification",
118                      "must.update.your.account",
119                      "new [sl][io]g?[nig][ -]?in from",
120                      "new voice ?-?mail",
121                      "notifications.*pending",
122                      "office.*3.*6.*5.*suspend",
123                      "office365",
124                      "on google docs with you",
125                      "online doc",
126                      "password.*compromised",
127                      "periodic maintenance",
128                      "potential(ly)? unauthorized",
129                      "refund not approved",
130                      "revised.*policy",
131                      "scam",
132                      "scanned.?invoice",
133                      "secured?.update",
134                      "security breach",
135                      "securlty",
136                      "signed.*delivery",
137                      "status of your .{314}? ?delivery",
138                      "susp[il1]+c[il1]+ous.*act[il1]+v[il1]+ty",
139                      "suspicious.*sign.*[io]n",
140                      "suspicious.activit",
141                      "temporar(il)?y deactivate",
142                      "temporar[il1]{2}y disab[li]ed",
143                      "temporarily.*lock",
144                      "un-?usua[li].activity",
145                      "unable.*deliver",
146                      "unauthorized.*activit",
147                      "unauthorized.device",
148                      "unauthorized.sign.?in",
149                      "unrecognized.*activit",
150                      "unrecognized.sign.?in",
151                      "unrecognized.*activit",
152                      "undelivered message",
153                      "unread.*doc",
154                      "unusual.activity",
155                      "upgrade.*account",
156                      "upgrade.notice",
157                      "urgent message",
158                      "urgent.verification",
159                      "v[il1]o[li1]at[il1]on security",
160                      "va[il1]{1}date.*ma[il1]{2}[ -]?box",
161                      "verification ?-?require",
162                      "verification( )?-?need",
163                      "verify.your?.account",
164                      "web ?-?ma[il1]{2}",
165                      "web[ -]?ma[il1]{2}",
166                      "will.be.suspended",
167                      "your (customer )?account .as",
168                      "your.office.365",
169                      "your.online.access",
170  
171                      // https://github.com/sublime-security/static-files/blob/master/suspicious_subjects.txt
172                      "account has been limited",
173                      "action required",
174                      "almost full",
175                      "apd notifi cation",
176                      "are you at your desk",
177                      "are you available",
178                      "attached file to docusign",
179                      "banking is temporarily unavailable",
180                      "bankofamerica",
181                      "closing statement invoice",
182                      "completed: docusign",
183                      "de-activation of",
184                      "delivery attempt",
185                      "delivery stopped for shipment",
186                      "detected suspicious",
187                      "detected suspicious actvity",
188                      "docu sign",
189                      "document for you",
190                      "document has been sent to you via docusign",
191                      "document is ready for signature",
192                      "docusign",
193                      "encrypted message",
194                      "failed delivery",
195                      "fedex tracking",
196                      "file was shared",
197                      "freefax",
198                      "fwd: due invoice paid",
199                      "has shared",
200                      "inbox is full",
201                      "invitation to comment",
202                      "invitation to edit",
203                      "invoice due",
204                      "left you a message",
205                      "message from",
206                      "new message",
207                      "new voicemail",
208                      "on desk",
209                      "out of space",
210                      "password reset",
211                      "payment status",
212                      "quick reply",
213                      "re: w-2",
214                      "required",
215                      "required: completed docusign",
216                      "ringcentral",
217                      "scanned image",
218                      "secured files",
219                      "secured pdf",
220                      "security alert",
221                      "new sign-in",
222                      "new sign in",
223                      "sign-in attempt",
224                      "sign in attempt",
225                      "staff review",
226                      "suspicious activity",
227                      "unrecognized login attempt",
228                      "upgrade immediately",
229                      "urgent",
230                      "wants to share",
231                      "w2",
232                      "you have notifications pending",
233                      "your account",
234                      "your amazon order",
235                      "your document settlement",
236                      "your order with amazon",
237                      "your password has been compromised",
238  )
239  
240  // language attempting to engage
241  and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities,
242          .name == "request"
243  )
244  
245  // financial request
246  and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities,
247          .name == "financial"
248  )
249  
250  // urgency request
251  and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities,
252          .name == "urgency"
253  )
254  
255  // org presence
256  and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities, .name == "org")
257  
258  // not a reply
259  and (
260    not strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "re:")
261    and not any(headers.hops, any(.fields, strings.ilike(.name, "In-Reply-To")))
262  )
263  
264  // the message is unsolicited and no false positives
265  and (
266    not profile.by_sender().solicited
267    or profile.by_sender().any_messages_malicious_or_spam
268  )
269  and not profile.by_sender().any_false_positives
270  
271  // negate highly trusted sender domains unless they fail DMARC authentication
272  and (
273    (
274      sender.email.domain.root_domain in $high_trust_sender_root_domains
275      and not headers.auth_summary.dmarc.pass
276    )
277    or sender.email.domain.root_domain not in $high_trust_sender_root_domains
278  )
279  
280  // negation the only link is the senders email
281  and not (
282    regex.contains(body.current_thread.text,
283                   "[A-Za-z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\\.[A-Za-z]{2,}"
284    )
285    and (
286      all(body.links, .href_url.domain.root_domain == sender.email.domain.domain)
287    )
288  )  
289
290attack_types:
291  - "Credential Phishing"
292tactics_and_techniques:
293  - "Impersonation: Brand"
294  - "Social engineering"
295detection_methods:
296  - "Content analysis"
297  - "Header analysis"
298  - "Natural Language Understanding"
299  - "Sender analysis"
300id: "056464f4-7a16-5f07-ab86-912e0a64ecae"
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