This rule detects when chroot is executed inside a container. Chroot is a Linux utility that allows a user to run a command in a different directory. This can be used to escape a container and gain access to the host system.

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This rule detects the use of system search utilities like grep and find to search for AWS credentials inside a container. Unauthorized access to these sensitive files could lead to further compromise of the container environment or facilitate a container breakout to the underlying cloud environment.

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This rule detects when a container management binary is run from inside a container. These binaries are critical components of many containerized environments, and their presence and execution in unauthorized containers could indicate compromise or a misconfiguration.

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Generates a detection alert each time a 'Container Workload Protection' alert is received. Enabling this rule allows you to immediately begin triaging and investigating these alerts.

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This rule detects the use of the "curl" command-line tool with SOCKS proxy options. Attackers may use "curl" to establish a SOCKS proxy connection to bypass network restrictions and exfiltrate data or communicate with C2 servers.

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This rule detects the use of the built-in Linux DebugFS utility from inside a privileged container. DebugFS is a special file system debugging utility which supports reading and writing directly from a hard drive device. When launched inside a privileged container, a container deployed with all the capabilities of the host machine, an attacker can access sensitive host level files which could be used for further privilege escalation and container escapes to the host machine.

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This rule detects the execution of a base64 decoded payload to an interpreter inside a container. Attackers may use this technique to execute malicious code, while attempting to evade detection.

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This rule detects the execution of direct Kubernetes API requests inside a container. An adversary may need to execute direct Kubernetes API requests to gain access to the Kubernetes API server or other resources within the cluster. These requests are often used to enumerate the Kubernetes API server or other resources within the cluster, and may indicate an attempt to move laterally within the cluster. Note that this rule may not trigger if the token is expanded within the process argument list, as the length of the "process.args" field may lead to the field being ignored.

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This rule detects the execution of DNS enumeration tools inside a container. DNS enumeration tools are used to enumerate the DNS servers and domains of the container, which can be used by an adversary to gain information about the network configuration of the container and the services running inside it.

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This rule detects the creation or modification of the dynamic linker preload shared object (ld.so.preload) inside a container. The Linux dynamic linker is used to load libraries needed by a program at runtime. Adversaries may hijack the dynamic linker by modifying the /etc/ld.so.preload file to point to malicious libraries. This behavior can be used to grant unauthorized access to system resources and has been used to evade detection of malicious processes in container environments.

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This rule detects the execution of potential defense evasion techniques via encoded payloads inside a container. Attackers may use base64 encoding/decoding to obfuscate data, such as command and control traffic or payloads, to evade detection by host- or network-based security controls.

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This rule detects the execution of the "env" or "printenv" commands inside a container. The "env" command is used to display all the environment variables for the current shell, and the "printenv" command is used to print the values of environment variables. These commands are used to enumerate the environment variables of the container, which can be used by an adversary to gain information about the container and the services running inside it.

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This rule detects 'exec' events launched against a container using the 'exec' command. Using the 'exec' command in a pod allows a user to establish a temporary shell session and execute any process/command inside the container. This rule specifically targets higher-risk commands that allow real-time interaction with a container's shell. A malicious actor could use this level of access to further compromise the container environment or attempt a container breakout.

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This rule detects when a process creates a file inside of a running container, followed by its execution. This could indicate a potential container breakout attempt, an attacker's attempt to gain unauthorized access to the underlying host, or to evade detection by security controls.

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This rule detects the download of files from inside a container. The files are downloaded using the "curl" or "wget" command-line tools. Adversaries may use these tools to download files from the internet to gain access to sensitive data or communicate with C2 servers.

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This rule detects when chmod is used to add the execute permission to a file inside a container. Modifying file permissions to make a file executable could indicate malicious activity, as an attacker may attempt to run unauthorized or malicious code inside the container.

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This rule detects the creation, execution, and deletion of files inside a container, a common technique used by attackers to evade detection.

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This rule detects when an interactive shell is spawned inside a running container. This could indicate a potential container breakout attempt or an attacker's attempt to gain unauthorized access to the underlying host.

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This rule detects the access of the Kubelet certificate file inside a container. The Kubelet certificate file is used to authenticate the container to the Kubernetes API server, and may be used by an adversary to gain access to the Kubernetes API server or other resources within the cluster. These files are a common target for adversaries to gain access to the cluster. There is a current limitation in the defend for containers file sensor that prevents file open events from being logged for file open events without write intent.

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This rule detects the use of built-in utilities to discover running pods on a Kubernetes cluster. The utilities used are du, nice, find, locate, and ls. These utilities are commonly used to discover running pods on a Kubernetes cluster. The "/var/lib/kubelet/pods" directory is the default location for Kubelet pod information.

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This rule detects attempts from within a Linux container to create or modify files commonly used for persistence on native Linux systems, including cron jobs, systemd units, sudoers files, and shell profile configurations. While many of these mechanisms do not provide reliable persistence in typical containerized workloads, such modifications are unusual and may indicate persistence attempts, privilege abuse, or preparation for container escape, especially when performed outside normal image build or package management processes.

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This rule detects the use of the mount utility from inside a privileged container. The mount command is used to make a device or file system accessible to the system, and then to connect its root directory to a specified mount point on the local file system. When launched inside a privileged container--a container deployed with all the capabilities of the host machine-- an attacker can access sensitive host level files which could be used for further privilege escalation and container escapes to the host machine. Any usage of mount inside a running privileged container should be further investigated.

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Identifies suspicious usage of unshare to manipulate system namespaces. Unshare can be utilized to escalate privileges or escape container security boundaries. Threat actors have utilized this binary to allow themselves to escape to the host and access other resources or escalate privileges.

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This rule detects an established netcat file transfer or listener running inside a container. Netcat is a utility used for reading and writing data across network connections, and it can be used for malicious purposes such as establishing a backdoor for persistence, exfiltrating data or file transfer.

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Detects nsenter executions from inside a monitored Linux container that include a namespace target flag (-t or --target). Adversaries abuse nsenter to attach to host or sibling namespaces and escape container isolation when combined with privileged mounts, exposed PIDs, or shared namespaces.

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This rule detects when a payload is downloaded and piped to a shell inside a running container. This could indicate a threat actor downloaded a payload and executed it using a shell without the payload being stored on the filesystem.

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This rule detects the enumeration of the cluster by the "jq" command inside a container. The "jq" command is used to parse JSON data, and may be used by an adversary to gain information about the cluster and the services running inside it. This behavior is uncommon within a container, and is commonly leveraged by attackers to help parse cluster information in a more readable format, or set the output as environment variables.

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This rule detects potential direct Kubelet access via process arguments. An adversary may need to access the Kubelet API to gain access to the Kubernetes API server or other resources within the cluster. These requests are often used to enumerate or execute commands on the Kubernetes API server or other resources within the cluster, and may indicate an attempt to move laterally within the cluster.

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This rule detects the execution of kubeletctl inside a container. Kubeletctl is a command-line tool that can be used to interact with the Kubelet API directly. It allows easy access to this API, making the often undocumented Kubelet API more accessible. It is often used to enumerate the Kubelet API or other resources inside the container, and may indicate an attempt to move laterally within the pod.

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This rule detects modification of the cgroup notify_on_release file from inside a container. When the notify_on_release flag is enabled (1) in a cgroup, then whenever the last task in the cgroup exits or attaches to another cgroup, the command specified in the release_agent file is run and invoked from the host. A privileged container with SYS_ADMIN capabilities, enables a threat actor to mount a cgroup directory and modify the notify_on_release flag in order to take advantage of this feature, which could be used for further privilege escalation and container escapes to the host machine.

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This rule detects modification of the CGroup release_agent file from inside a privileged container. The release_agent is a script that is executed at the termination of any process on that CGroup and is invoked from the host. A privileged container with SYS_ADMIN capabilities, enables a threat actor to mount a CGroup directory and modify the release_agent which could be used for further privilege escalation and container escapes to the host machine.

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This rule detects the execution of the "id", "whoami", "capsh", "getcap", and "lsns" commands inside a container. These commands are used to enumerate the privilege boundary of the container, which can be used by an adversary to gain information about the container and the services running inside it.

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This rule detects the killing of processes inside a container. An adversary may attempt to find and kill competing processes to gain control of the container.

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Identifies the use of a compression utility to collect known files containing sensitive information, such as credentials and system configurations inside a container.

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This rule detects the use of system search utilities like grep and find to search for private SSH keys or passwords inside a container. Unauthorized access to these sensitive files could lead to further compromise of the container environment or facilitate a container breakout to the underlying host machine.

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This rule detects the reading of the service account namespace file inside a container. The service account namespace file is used to identify the namespace of the container in which it is running, and may be used by an adversary to get a better understanding of the container and the services running inside it.

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This rule detects the reading of the service account token or certificate inside a container. The service account token or certificate is used to authenticate the container to the Kubernetes API server, and may be used by an adversary to gain access to the Kubernetes API server or other resources within the cluster. These files are a common target for adversaries to gain access to the cluster.

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This rule detects the deletion of shell command-line history files inside a container. The shell command-line history files are used to store the command-line history for the shell. Adversaries may delete these files to cover their tracks or evade detection.

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This rule detects the creation or modification of an authorized_keys file inside a container. The Secure Shell (SSH) authorized_keys file specifies which users are allowed to log into a server using public key authentication. Adversaries may modify it to maintain persistence on a victim host by adding their own public key(s). Unexpected and unauthorized SSH usage inside a container can be an indicator of compromise and should be investigated.

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Detects execution of container runtime CLI tools (ctr, crictl, nerdctl) with arguments indicating container creation, command execution inside existing containers, image manipulation, or host filesystem mounting. These tools interact directly with the container runtime socket, bypassing the Kubernetes API server, RBAC authorization, admission webhooks, pod security standards, and Kubernetes audit logging entirely. Attackers with host-level access may use these tools to create privileged ghost containers, exec into other pods to steal service account tokens and secrets, pull attacker-controlled images, and destroy evidence, all while remaining invisible to Kubernetes-level monitoring.

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This rule detects the execution of the echo/printf command to write data to potential persistence files, decode base64/32/16 and hex content or establish connections to a potential C2. The echo/printf commands are used to display a line of text or write data to a file. Threat actors may abuse the echo/printf commands to write data to files or file descriptors that are executed (by other processes or services) to establish persistence or escalate privileges.

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This rule detects when a process executes a suspicious interpreter command inside a container. These commands are commonly used by attackers to execute malicious code or exfiltrate data.

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This rule detects commonly abused network utilities running inside a container. Network utilities like nc, nmap, dig, tcpdump, ngrep, telnet, mitmproxy, zmap can be used for malicious purposes such as network reconnaissance, monitoring, or exploitation, and should be monitored closely within a container.

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This rule detects the execution of a process from a suspicious directory inside a container. The suspicious directories are /tmp, /dev/shm, /var/tmp, /run, /var/run, /mnt, /media, and /boot. Adversaries may use these directories to execute malicious code or exfiltrate data.

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This rule detects when a process creates a file inside of a system binary location, inside of a running container. The system binary locations are /etc, /root, /bin, /usr/bin, /usr/local/bin, and /entrypoint. Adversaries may use these locations to create files that can be used to execute commands on the underlying host, or to evade detection by security controls.

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This rule detects the enumeration of tools by the "which" command inside a container. The "which" command is used to list what tools are installed on a system, and may be used by an adversary to gain information about the container and the services running inside it.

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This rule detects the installation of tools inside a container. An adversary may need to install additional software to enumerate the container, its environment, and move laterally within the environment.

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This rule detects the use of tunneling and/or port forwarding tools inside a container. This could indicate a threat actor is using these tools to communicate with a C2 server, is attempting to exfiltrate data from the container, or is attempting to pivot within the container network.

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This rule detects the exploitation of a web server through the execution of a suspicious process by common web server user accounts. Attackers may upload a web shell to a web server to maintain access to the system.

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