Credential phishing: Suspicious subject with urgent financial request and link

This rule inspects messages where the subject is suspicious with less than 5 links and a relatively short body. Natural Language Understanding is being used to identify the inclusion of a financial, request, urgency and org entity from an unsolicited sender.

Sublime rule (View on GitHub)

  1name: "Credential phishing: Suspicious subject with urgent financial request and link"
  2description: "This rule inspects messages where the subject is suspicious with less than 5 links and a relatively short body. Natural Language Understanding is being used to identify the inclusion of a financial, request, urgency and org entity from an unsolicited sender."
  3type: "rule"
  4severity: "medium"
  5source: |
  6  type.inbound
  7  and (
  8    0 < length(filter(body.links,
  9                      not strings.ilike(.display_text,
 10                                        "*privacy*",
 11                                        "*terms of service*",
 12                                        "Learn why this is important"
 13                      )
 14                      or .display_text is null
 15               )
 16    ) < 5
 17  )
 18  
 19  // negate webinar registrations
 20  and not any(body.links,
 21              .display_text =~ "REGISTER NOW"
 22              and .href_url.domain.root_domain == "secureclick.net"
 23  )
 24  
 25  // not all links are unsubscribe links
 26  and not all(body.links,
 27              (
 28                strings.icontains(.display_text, "unsubscribe")
 29                and strings.icontains(.href_url.path, "unsubscribe")
 30              )
 31              or (
 32                strings.icontains(.display_text, "deactivate")
 33                and strings.icontains(.href_url.path, "DeactivateAccount")
 34              )
 35  )
 36  
 37  // ignore emails in body
 38  and not all(body.links, .href_url.domain.domain in $free_email_providers)
 39  and length(body.current_thread.text) < 2000
 40  and length(subject.subject) < 100
 41  
 42  // and suspicious subject
 43  and regex.icontains(subject.subject,
 44                      // https://github.com/sublime-security/static-files/blob/master/suspicious_subjects_regex.txt
 45                      "termination.*notice",
 46                      "38417",
 47                      ":completed",
 48                      "[il1]{2}mit.*ma[il1]{2} ?bo?x",
 49                      "[il][il][il]egai[ -]",
 50                      "[li][li][li]ega[li] attempt",
 51                      "[ng]-?[io]n .*block",
 52                      "[ng]-?[io]n .*cancel",
 53                      "[ng]-?[io]n .*deactiv",
 54                      "[ng]-?[io]n .*disabl",
 55                      "action.*required",
 56                      "abandon.*package",
 57                      "about.your.account",
 58                      "acc(ou)?n?t (is )?on ho[li]d",
 59                      "acc(ou)?n?t.*terminat",
 60                      "acc(oun)?t.*[il1]{2}mitation",
 61                      "access.*limitation",
 62                      "account (will be )?block",
 63                      "account.*de-?activat",
 64                      "account.*locked",
 65                      "account.*re-verification",
 66                      "account.*security",
 67                      "account.*suspension",
 68                      "account.has.been",
 69                      "account.has.expired",
 70                      "account.will.be.blocked",
 71                      "account v[il]o[li]at",
 72                      "activity.*acc(oun)?t",
 73                      "almost.full",
 74                      "app[li]e.[il]d",
 75                      "authenticate.*account",
 76                      "been.*suspend",
 77                      "clos.*of.*account.*processed",
 78                      "confirm.your.account",
 79                      "courier.*able",
 80                      "crediential.*notif",
 81                      "deactivation.*in.*progress",
 82                      "delivery.*attempt.*failed",
 83                      "document.received",
 84                      "documented.*shared.*with.*you",
 85                      "dropbox.*document",
 86                      "e-?ma[il1]+ .{010}suspen",
 87                      "e-?ma[il1]{1} user",
 88                      "e-?ma[il1]{2} acc",
 89                      "e-?ma[il1]{2}.*up.?grade",
 90                      "e.?ma[il1]{2}.*server",
 91                      "e.?ma[il1]{2}.*suspend",
 92                      "email.update",
 93                      "faxed you",
 94                      "fraud(ulent)?.*charge",
 95                      "from.helpdesk",
 96                      "fu[il1]{2}.*ma[il1]+[ -]?box",
 97                      "has.been.*suspended",
 98                      "has.been.limited",
 99                      "have.locked",
100                      "he[li]p ?desk upgrade",
101                      "heipdesk",
102                      "i[il]iega[il]",
103                      "ii[il]ega[il]",
104                      "incoming e?mail",
105                      "incoming.*fax",
106                      "lock.*security",
107                      "ma[il1]{1}[ -]?box.*quo",
108                      "ma[il1]{2}[ -]?box.*fu[il1]",
109                      "ma[il1]{2}box.*[il1]{2}mit",
110                      "ma[il1]{2}box stor",
111                      "mail on.?hold",
112                      "mail.*box.*migration",
113                      "mail.*de-?activat",
114                      "mail.update.required",
115                      "mails.*pending",
116                      "messages.*pending",
117                      "missed.*shipping.*notification",
118                      "missed.shipment.notification",
119                      "must.update.your.account",
120                      "new [sl][io]g?[nig][ -]?in from",
121                      "new voice ?-?mail",
122                      "notifications.*pending",
123                      "office.*3.*6.*5.*suspend",
124                      "office365",
125                      "on google docs with you",
126                      "online doc",
127                      "password.*compromised",
128                      "periodic maintenance",
129                      "potential(ly)? unauthorized",
130                      "refund not approved",
131                      "revised.*policy",
132                      "scam",
133                      "scanned.?invoice",
134                      "secured?.update",
135                      "security breach",
136                      "securlty",
137                      "signed.*delivery",
138                      "status of your .{314}? ?delivery",
139                      "susp[il1]+c[il1]+ous.*act[il1]+v[il1]+ty",
140                      "suspicious.*sign.*[io]n",
141                      "suspicious.activit",
142                      "temporar(il)?y deactivate",
143                      "temporar[il1]{2}y disab[li]ed",
144                      "temporarily.*lock",
145                      "un-?usua[li].activity",
146                      "unable.*deliver",
147                      "unauthorized.*activit",
148                      "unauthorized.device",
149                      "unauthorized.sign.?in",
150                      "unrecognized.*activit",
151                      "unrecognized.sign.?in",
152                      "unrecognized.*activit",
153                      "undelivered message",
154                      "unread.*doc",
155                      "unusual.activity",
156                      "upgrade.*account",
157                      "upgrade.notice",
158                      "urgent message",
159                      "urgent.verification",
160                      "v[il1]o[li1]at[il1]on security",
161                      "va[il1]{1}date.*ma[il1]{2}[ -]?box",
162                      "verification ?-?require",
163                      "verification( )?-?need",
164                      "verify.your?.account",
165                      "web ?-?ma[il1]{2}",
166                      "web[ -]?ma[il1]{2}",
167                      "will.be.suspended",
168                      "your (customer )?account .as",
169                      "your.office.365",
170                      "your.online.access",
171  
172                      // https://github.com/sublime-security/static-files/blob/master/suspicious_subjects.txt
173                      "account has been limited",
174                      "action required",
175                      "almost full",
176                      "apd notifi cation",
177                      "are you at your desk",
178                      "are you available",
179                      "attached file to docusign",
180                      "banking is temporarily unavailable",
181                      "bankofamerica",
182                      "closing statement invoice",
183                      "completed: docusign",
184                      "de-activation of",
185                      "delivery attempt",
186                      "delivery stopped for shipment",
187                      "detected suspicious",
188                      "detected suspicious actvity",
189                      "docu sign",
190                      "document for you",
191                      "document has been sent to you via docusign",
192                      "document is ready for signature",
193                      "docusign",
194                      "encrypted message",
195                      "failed delivery",
196                      "fedex tracking",
197                      "file was shared",
198                      "freefax",
199                      "fwd: due invoice paid",
200                      "has shared",
201                      "inbox is full",
202                      "invitation to comment",
203                      "invitation to edit",
204                      "invoice due",
205                      "left you a message",
206                      "message from",
207                      "new message",
208                      "new voicemail",
209                      "on desk",
210                      "out of space",
211                      "password reset",
212                      "payment status",
213                      "quick reply",
214                      "re: w-2",
215                      "required",
216                      "required: completed docusign",
217                      "ringcentral",
218                      "scanned image",
219                      "secured files",
220                      "secured pdf",
221                      "security alert",
222                      "new sign-in",
223                      "new sign in",
224                      "sign-in attempt",
225                      "sign in attempt",
226                      "staff review",
227                      "suspicious activity",
228                      "unrecognized login attempt",
229                      "upgrade immediately",
230                      "urgent",
231                      "wants to share",
232                      '\bw2\b',
233                      "you have notifications pending",
234                      "your account",
235                      "your amazon order",
236                      "your document settlement",
237                      "your order with amazon",
238                      "your password has been compromised",
239
240                      // cryptocurrency related subjects
241                      '\d{1,2}.\d{1,8}\s(BTC|ETH|SOL|(?:USD[CT])|XRP) Offer Waiting for(\sYour)?\sReview',
242  )
243  
244  // language attempting to engage
245  and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities,
246          .name == "request"
247  )
248  
249  // financial request
250  and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities,
251          .name == "financial"
252  )
253  
254  // urgency request
255  and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities,
256          .name == "urgency"
257  )
258  
259  // org presence
260  and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities, .name == "org")
261  
262  // not a reply
263  and (
264    not strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "re:")
265    and not any(headers.hops, any(.fields, strings.ilike(.name, "In-Reply-To")))
266  )
267  
268  // the message is unsolicited and no false positives
269  and (
270    not profile.by_sender().solicited
271    or profile.by_sender().any_messages_malicious_or_spam
272  )
273  and not profile.by_sender().any_messages_benign
274  
275  // negate highly trusted sender domains unless they fail DMARC authentication
276  and (
277    (
278      sender.email.domain.root_domain in $high_trust_sender_root_domains
279      and not headers.auth_summary.dmarc.pass
280    )
281    or sender.email.domain.root_domain not in $high_trust_sender_root_domains
282  )
283  
284  // negation the only link is the senders email
285  and not (
286    regex.contains(body.current_thread.text,
287                   "[A-Za-z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\\.[A-Za-z]{2,}"
288    )
289    and (
290      all(body.links, .href_url.domain.root_domain == sender.email.domain.domain)
291    )
292  )  
293
294attack_types:
295  - "Credential Phishing"
296tactics_and_techniques:
297  - "Impersonation: Brand"
298  - "Social engineering"
299detection_methods:
300  - "Content analysis"
301  - "Header analysis"
302  - "Natural Language Understanding"
303  - "Sender analysis"
304id: "056464f4-7a16-5f07-ab86-912e0a64ecae"
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