Credential Phishing: Suspicious subject with urgent financial request and link

This rule inspects messages where the subject is suspicious with less than 5 links and a relatively short body. Natural Language Understanding is being used to identify the inclusion of a financial, request, urgency and org entity from an unsolicited sender.

Sublime rule (View on GitHub)

  1name: "Credential Phishing: Suspicious subject with urgent financial request and link"
  2description: "This rule inspects messages where the subject is suspicious with less than 5 links and a relatively short body. Natural Language Understanding is being used to identify the inclusion of a financial, request, urgency and org entity from an unsolicited sender."
  3type: "rule"
  4severity: "medium"
  5source: |
  6  type.inbound
  7  and (
  8    0 < length(filter(body.links,
  9                      not strings.ilike(.display_text,
 10                                        "*privacy*",
 11                                        "*terms of service*",
 12                                        "Learn why this is important"
 13                      )
 14                      or .display_text is null
 15               )
 16    ) < 5
 17  )
 18  
 19  // negate webinar registrations
 20  and not any(body.links,
 21              .display_text =~ "REGISTER NOW"
 22              and .href_url.domain.root_domain == "secureclick.net"
 23  )
 24  
 25  // not all links are unsubscribe links
 26  and not all(body.links,
 27              (
 28                strings.icontains(.display_text, "unsubscribe")
 29                and strings.icontains(.href_url.path, "unsubscribe")
 30              )
 31              or (
 32                strings.icontains(.display_text, "deactivate")
 33                and strings.icontains(.href_url.path, "DeactivateAccount")
 34              )
 35  )
 36  
 37  // ignore emails in body
 38  and not all(body.links, .href_url.domain.domain in $free_email_providers)
 39  and length(body.current_thread.text) < 2000
 40  and length(subject.subject) < 100
 41  
 42  // and suspicious subject
 43  and regex.icontains(subject.subject,
 44                      // https://github.com/sublime-security/static-files/blob/master/suspicious_subjects_regex.txt
 45                      "termination.*notice",
 46                      "38417",
 47                      ":completed",
 48                      "[il1]{2}mit.*ma[il1]{2} ?bo?x",
 49                      "[il][il][il]egai[ -]",
 50                      "[li][li][li]ega[li] attempt",
 51                      "[ng]-?[io]n .*block",
 52                      "[ng]-?[io]n .*cancel",
 53                      "[ng]-?[io]n .*deactiv",
 54                      "[ng]-?[io]n .*disabl",
 55                      "action.*required",
 56                      "abandon.*package",
 57                      "about.your.account",
 58                      "acc(ou)?n?t (is )?on ho[li]d",
 59                      "acc(ou)?n?t.*terminat",
 60                      "acc(oun)?t.*[il1]{2}mitation",
 61                      "access.*limitation",
 62                      "account (will be )?block",
 63                      "account.*de-?activat",
 64                      "account.*locked",
 65                      "account.*re-verification",
 66                      "account.*security",
 67                      "account.*suspension",
 68                      "account.has.been",
 69                      "account.has.expired",
 70                      "account.will.be.blocked",
 71                      "account v[il]o[li]at",
 72                      "activity.*acc(oun)?t",
 73                      "almost.full",
 74                      "app[li]e.[il]d",
 75                      "authenticate.*account",
 76                      "been.*suspend",
 77                      "clos.*of.*account.*processed",
 78                      "confirm.your.account",
 79                      "courier.*able",
 80                      "crediential.*notif",
 81                      "deactivation.*in.*progress",
 82                      "delivery.*attempt.*failed",
 83                      "document.received",
 84                      "documented.*shared.*with.*you",
 85                      "dropbox.*document",
 86                      "e-?ma[il1]+ .{010}suspen",
 87                      "e-?ma[il1]{1} user",
 88                      "e-?ma[il1]{2} acc",
 89                      "e-?ma[il1]{2}.*up.?grade",
 90                      "e.?ma[il1]{2}.*server",
 91                      "e.?ma[il1]{2}.*suspend",
 92                      "email.update",
 93                      "faxed you",
 94                      "fraud(ulent)?.*charge",
 95                      "from.helpdesk",
 96                      "fu[il1]{2}.*ma[il1]+[ -]?box",
 97                      "has.been.*suspended",
 98                      "has.been.limited",
 99                      "have.locked",
100                      "he[li]p ?desk upgrade",
101                      "heipdesk",
102                      "i[il]iega[il]",
103                      "ii[il]ega[il]",
104                      "incoming e?mail",
105                      "incoming.*fax",
106                      "lock.*security",
107                      "ma[il1]{1}[ -]?box.*quo",
108                      "ma[il1]{2}[ -]?box.*fu[il1]",
109                      "ma[il1]{2}box.*[il1]{2}mit",
110                      "ma[il1]{2}box stor",
111                      "mail on.?hold",
112                      "mail.*box.*migration",
113                      "mail.*de-?activat",
114                      "mail.update.required",
115                      "mails.*pending",
116                      "messages.*pending",
117                      "missed.*shipping.*notification",
118                      "missed.shipment.notification",
119                      "must.update.your.account",
120                      "new [sl][io]g?[nig][ -]?in from",
121                      "new voice ?-?mail",
122                      "notifications.*pending",
123                      "office.*3.*6.*5.*suspend",
124                      "office365",
125                      "on google docs with you",
126                      "online doc",
127                      "password.*compromised",
128                      "periodic maintenance",
129                      "potential(ly)? unauthorized",
130                      "refund not approved",
131                      "revised.*policy",
132                      "scam",
133                      "scanned.?invoice",
134                      "secured?.update",
135                      "security breach",
136                      "securlty",
137                      "signed.*delivery",
138                      "status of your .{314}? ?delivery",
139                      "susp[il1]+c[il1]+ous.*act[il1]+v[il1]+ty",
140                      "suspicious.*sign.*[io]n",
141                      "suspicious.activit",
142                      "temporar(il)?y deactivate",
143                      "temporar[il1]{2}y disab[li]ed",
144                      "temporarily.*lock",
145                      "un-?usua[li].activity",
146                      "unable.*deliver",
147                      "unauthorized.*activit",
148                      "unauthorized.device",
149                      "unauthorized.sign.?in",
150                      "unrecognized.*activit",
151                      "unrecognized.sign.?in",
152                      "unrecognized.*activit",
153                      "undelivered message",
154                      "unread.*doc",
155                      "unusual.activity",
156                      "upgrade.*account",
157                      "upgrade.notice",
158                      "urgent message",
159                      "urgent.verification",
160                      "v[il1]o[li1]at[il1]on security",
161                      "va[il1]{1}date.*ma[il1]{2}[ -]?box",
162                      "verification ?-?require",
163                      "verification( )?-?need",
164                      "verify.your?.account",
165                      "web ?-?ma[il1]{2}",
166                      "web[ -]?ma[il1]{2}",
167                      "will.be.suspended",
168                      "your (customer )?account .as",
169                      "your.office.365",
170                      "your.online.access",
171  
172                      // https://github.com/sublime-security/static-files/blob/master/suspicious_subjects.txt
173                      "account has been limited",
174                      "action required",
175                      "almost full",
176                      "apd notifi cation",
177                      "are you at your desk",
178                      "are you available",
179                      "attached file to docusign",
180                      "banking is temporarily unavailable",
181                      "bankofamerica",
182                      "closing statement invoice",
183                      "completed: docusign",
184                      "de-activation of",
185                      "delivery attempt",
186                      "delivery stopped for shipment",
187                      "detected suspicious",
188                      "detected suspicious actvity",
189                      "docu sign",
190                      "document for you",
191                      "document has been sent to you via docusign",
192                      "document is ready for signature",
193                      "docusign",
194                      "encrypted message",
195                      "failed delivery",
196                      "fedex tracking",
197                      "file was shared",
198                      "freefax",
199                      "fwd: due invoice paid",
200                      "has shared",
201                      "inbox is full",
202                      "invitation to comment",
203                      "invitation to edit",
204                      "invoice due",
205                      "left you a message",
206                      "message from",
207                      "new message",
208                      "new voicemail",
209                      "on desk",
210                      "out of space",
211                      "password reset",
212                      "payment status",
213                      "quick reply",
214                      "re: w-2",
215                      "required",
216                      "required: completed docusign",
217                      "ringcentral",
218                      "scanned image",
219                      "secured files",
220                      "secured pdf",
221                      "security alert",
222                      "new sign-in",
223                      "new sign in",
224                      "sign-in attempt",
225                      "sign in attempt",
226                      "staff review",
227                      "suspicious activity",
228                      "unrecognized login attempt",
229                      "upgrade immediately",
230                      "urgent",
231                      "wants to share",
232                      "w2",
233                      "you have notifications pending",
234                      "your account",
235                      "your amazon order",
236                      "your document settlement",
237                      "your order with amazon",
238                      "your password has been compromised",
239  )
240  
241  // language attempting to engage
242  and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities,
243          .name == "request"
244  )
245  
246  // financial request
247  and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities,
248          .name == "financial"
249  )
250  
251  // urgency request
252  and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities,
253          .name == "urgency"
254  )
255  
256  // org presence
257  and any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities, .name == "org")
258  
259  // not a reply
260  and (
261    not strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "re:")
262    and not any(headers.hops, any(.fields, strings.ilike(.name, "In-Reply-To")))
263  )
264  
265  // the message is unsolicited and no false positives
266  and (
267    not profile.by_sender().solicited
268    or profile.by_sender().any_messages_malicious_or_spam
269  )
270  and not profile.by_sender().any_false_positives
271  
272  // negate highly trusted sender domains unless they fail DMARC authentication
273  and (
274    (
275      sender.email.domain.root_domain in $high_trust_sender_root_domains
276      and not headers.auth_summary.dmarc.pass
277    )
278    or sender.email.domain.root_domain not in $high_trust_sender_root_domains
279  )
280  
281  // negation the only link is the senders email
282  and not (
283    regex.contains(body.current_thread.text,
284                   "[A-Za-z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\\.[A-Za-z]{2,}"
285    )
286    and (
287      all(body.links, .href_url.domain.root_domain == sender.email.domain.domain)
288    )
289  )  
290
291attack_types:
292  - "Credential Phishing"
293tactics_and_techniques:
294  - "Impersonation: Brand"
295  - "Social engineering"
296detection_methods:
297  - "Content analysis"
298  - "Header analysis"
299  - "Natural Language Understanding"
300  - "Sender analysis"
301id: "056464f4-7a16-5f07-ab86-912e0a64ecae"
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