Attachment: Archive containing disallowed file type

Recursively scans archives to detect disallowed file types. File extensions can be detected within password-protected archives.

Attackers often embed malicious files within archives to bypass email gateway controls.

Sublime rule (View on GitHub)

  1name: "Attachment: Archive containing disallowed file type"
  2description: |
  3  Recursively scans archives to detect disallowed file types. File extensions can be detected
  4  within password-protected archives.
  5
  6  Attackers often embed malicious files within archives to bypass email gateway controls.  
  7references:
  8  - "https://support.google.com/mail/answer/6590?hl=en#zippy=%2Cmessages-that-have-attachments"
  9  - "https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/blocked-attachments-in-outlook-434752e1-02d3-4e90-9124-8b81e49a8519"
 10type: "rule"
 11severity: "low"
 12source: |
 13  type.inbound
 14  and any(attachments,
 15          (
 16            .file_extension in~ $file_extensions_common_archives
 17            or .file_type == "rar"
 18          )
 19          and any(file.explode(.),
 20                  .file_extension in~ (
 21                    // File types blocked by Gmail by default
 22                    // https://support.google.com/mail/answer/6590?hl=en#zippy=%2Cmessages-that-have-attachments
 23                    "ade",
 24                    "adp",
 25                    "apk",
 26                    "appx",
 27                    "appxbundle",
 28                    "bat",
 29                    "cab",
 30                    "chm",
 31                    "cmd",
 32                    "com",
 33                    "cpl",
 34                    "dll",
 35                    "dmg",
 36                    "ex",
 37                    "ex_",
 38                    "exe",
 39                    "hta",
 40                    "ins",
 41                    "isp",
 42                    "iso",
 43                    "jar",
 44                    "js",
 45                    "jse",
 46                    "lib",
 47                    "lnk",
 48                    "mde",
 49                    "msc",
 50                    "msi",
 51                    "msix",
 52                    "msixbundle",
 53                    "msp",
 54                    "mst",
 55                    "nsh",
 56                    "pif",
 57                    "ps1",
 58                    "scr",
 59                    "sct",
 60                    "shb",
 61                    "sys",
 62                    "vb",
 63                    "vbe",
 64                    "vbs",
 65                    "vxd",
 66                    "wsc",
 67                    "wsf",
 68                    "wsh",
 69  
 70                    // File types blocked by Microsoft 365 by default
 71                    // https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/blocked-attachments-in-outlook-434752e1-02d3-4e90-9124-8b81e49a8519
 72                    "ade",
 73                    "adp",
 74                    "app",
 75                    "application",
 76                    "appref-ms",
 77                    "asp",
 78                    "aspx",
 79                    "asx",
 80                    // "bas", excluded at depth > 1 because they can exist natively in word docs within an archive. see below
 81                    "bat",
 82                    "bgi",
 83                    "cab",
 84                    // "cer",
 85                    "chm",
 86                    "cmd",
 87                    "cnt",
 88                    "com",
 89                    "cpl",
 90                    // "crt",
 91                    // "csh",
 92                    // "der",
 93                    "diagcab",
 94                    "exe",
 95                    "fxp",
 96                    "gadget",
 97                    // "grp",
 98                    "hlp",
 99                    "hpj",
100                    "hta",
101                    "htc",
102                    // "inf",
103                    "ins",
104                    "iso",
105                    "isp",
106                    "its",
107                    "jar",
108                    "jnlp",
109                    "js",
110                    "jse",
111                    "ksh",
112                    "lnk",
113                    "mad",
114                    "maf",
115                    "mag",
116                    "mam",
117                    "maq",
118                    "mar",
119                    "mas",
120                    "mat",
121                    "mau",
122                    "mav",
123                    "maw",
124                    "mcf",
125                    "mda",
126                    // "mdb",
127                    "mde",
128                    "mdt",
129                    "mdw",
130                    "mdz",
131                    "msc",
132                    "msh",
133                    "msh1",
134                    "msh2",
135                    "mshxml",
136                    "msh1xml",
137                    "msh2xml",
138                    "msi",
139                    "msp",
140                    "mst",
141                    "msu",
142                    "ops",
143                    "osd",
144                    "pcd",
145                    "pif",
146                    "pl",
147                    "plg",
148                    "prf",
149                    "prg",
150                    "printerexport",
151                    "ps1",
152                    "ps1xml",
153                    "ps2",
154                    "ps2xml",
155                    "psc1",
156                    "psc2",
157                    "psd1",
158                    "psdm1",
159                    "pst",
160                    // "py",
161                    // "pyc",
162                    "pyo",
163                    "pyw",
164                    "pyz",
165                    "pyzw",
166                    "reg",
167                    "scf",
168                    "scr",
169                    "sct",
170                    "shb",
171                    "shs",
172                    "theme",
173                    // "tmp",
174                    "url",
175                    "vb",
176                    "vbe",
177                    "vbp",
178                    "vbs",
179                    "vhd",
180                    "vhdx",
181                    "vsmacros",
182                    "vsw",
183                    "webpnp",
184                    "website",
185                    "ws",
186                    "wsc",
187                    "wsf",
188                    "wsh",
189                    "xbap",
190                    "xll",
191                    "xnk"
192                  )
193                  or (
194                    // BASIC files can naturally occur in word docs,
195                    // so only flag if depth is 1 (archive -> bas, not archive -> doc -> bas)
196                    .depth == 1
197                    and .file_extension =~ "bas"
198                  )
199          )
200  )
201  and (
202    profile.by_sender().prevalence in ("new", "outlier")
203    or profile.by_sender().any_messages_malicious_or_spam
204  )
205  and not profile.by_sender().any_messages_benign  
206tags:
207  - "Attack surface reduction"
208attack_types:
209  - "Malware/Ransomware"
210tactics_and_techniques:
211  - "Evasion"
212detection_methods:
213  - "Archive analysis"
214  - "File analysis"
215id: "3859e3e7-51c9-5259-9b7d-f8c0957696c0"

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