Creation or Modification of Domain Backup DPAPI private key

 1[metadata]
 2creation_date = "2020/08/13"
 3integration = ["endpoint", "windows"]
 4maturity = "production"
 5min_stack_comments = "New fields added: required_fields, related_integrations, setup"
 6min_stack_version = "8.3.0"
 7updated_date = "2024/03/28"
 8
 9[rule]
10author = ["Elastic"]
11description = """
12Identifies the creation or modification of Domain Backup private keys. Adversaries may extract the Data Protection API
13(DPAPI) domain backup key from a Domain Controller (DC) to be able to decrypt any domain user master key file.
14"""
15from = "now-9m"
16index = ["winlogbeat-*", "logs-endpoint.events.file-*", "logs-windows.sysmon_operational-*", "endgame-*"]
17language = "eql"
18license = "Elastic License v2"
19name = "Creation or Modification of Domain Backup DPAPI private key"
20note = """## Triage and analysis
21
22Domain DPAPI Backup keys are stored on domain controllers and can be dumped remotely with tools such as Mimikatz. The resulting .pvk private key can be used to decrypt ANY domain user masterkeys, which then can be used to decrypt any secrets protected by those keys.
23"""
24references = [
25    "https://www.dsinternals.com/en/retrieving-dpapi-backup-keys-from-active-directory/",
26    "https://posts.specterops.io/operational-guidance-for-offensive-user-dpapi-abuse-1fb7fac8b107",
27]
28risk_score = 73
29rule_id = "b83a7e96-2eb3-4edf-8346-427b6858d3bd"
30setup = """## Setup
31
32If enabling an EQL rule on a non-elastic-agent index (such as beats) for versions <8.2,
33events will not define `event.ingested` and default fallback for EQL rules was not added until version 8.2.
34Hence for this rule to work effectively, users will need to add a custom ingest pipeline to populate
35`event.ingested` to @timestamp.
36For more details on adding a custom ingest pipeline refer - https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/fleet/current/data-streams-pipeline-tutorial.html
37"""
38severity = "high"
39tags = ["Domain: Endpoint", "OS: Windows", "Use Case: Threat Detection", "Tactic: Credential Access", "Data Source: Elastic Endgame", "Data Source: Elastic Defend", "Data Source: Sysmon"]
40timestamp_override = "event.ingested"
41type = "eql"
42
43query = '''
44file where host.os.type == "windows" and event.type != "deletion" and file.name : ("ntds_capi_*.pfx", "ntds_capi_*.pvk")
45'''
46
47
48[[rule.threat]]
49framework = "MITRE ATT&CK"
50[[rule.threat.technique]]
51id = "T1552"
52name = "Unsecured Credentials"
53reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/"
54[[rule.threat.technique.subtechnique]]
55id = "T1552.004"
56name = "Private Keys"
57reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1552/004/"
58
59
60[[rule.threat.technique]]
61id = "T1555"
62name = "Credentials from Password Stores"
63reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1555/"
64
65
66[rule.threat.tactic]
67id = "TA0006"
68name = "Credential Access"
69reference = "https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0006/"