Brand impersonation: Sharepoint fake file share

This rule detects messages impersonating a Sharepoint file sharing email where no links point to known Microsoft domains.

Sublime rule (View on GitHub)

  1name: "Brand impersonation: Sharepoint fake file share"
  2description: |
  3    This rule detects messages impersonating a Sharepoint file sharing email where no links point to known Microsoft domains.
  4type: "rule"
  5severity: "medium"
  6source: |
  7  type.inbound
  8  
  9  // Sharepoint body content looks like this
 10  and (
 11    (
 12      (
 13        any([body.current_thread.text, body.plain.raw],
 14            strings.ilike(.,
 15                          "*shared a file with you*",
 16                          "*shared with you*",
 17                          "*invited you to access a file*",
 18                          "*received a document*",
 19                          "*shared a document*",
 20                          "*shared a new document*",
 21                          "*shared this document*"
 22            )
 23        )
 24        or any(beta.ml_topic(body.current_thread.text).topics,
 25               .name == "File Sharing and Cloud Services"
 26               and .confidence == "high"
 27        )
 28        or any(file.explode(beta.message_screenshot()),
 29               strings.ilike(.scan.ocr.raw,
 30                             "*shared a file with you*",
 31                             "*shared with you*",
 32                             "*invited you to access a file*",
 33                             "*received a document*",
 34                             "*shared a document*",
 35                             "*shared a new document*",
 36                             "*shared this document*"
 37               )
 38               or any(beta.ml_topic(.scan.ocr.raw).topics,
 39                      .name == "File Sharing and Cloud Services"
 40                      and .confidence == "high"
 41               )
 42        )
 43      )
 44      and (
 45        strings.ilike(subject.subject,
 46                      "*shared*",
 47                      "*updated*",
 48                      "*sign*",
 49                      "*review*",
 50                      "*scanned*"
 51        )
 52        or strings.ilike(subject.subject,
 53                         "*Excel*",
 54                         "*SharePoint*",
 55                         "*PowerPoint*",
 56                         "*OneNote*"
 57        )
 58        or strings.ilike(sender.display_name,
 59                         "*Excel*",
 60                         "*SharePoint*",
 61                         "*PowerPoint*",
 62                         "*OneNote*"
 63        )
 64        or any(body.links, strings.icontains(.display_text, "OPEN DOCUMENT"))
 65        or subject.subject is null
 66        or subject.subject == ""
 67        // the org as determined by NLU is in the subject
 68        or any(ml.nlu_classifier(body.current_thread.text).entities,
 69               .name == "org" and strings.icontains(subject.subject, .text)
 70        )
 71      )
 72    )
 73    or any([
 74             "Contigo", // Spanish
 75             "Avec vous", // French
 76             "Mit Ihnen", // German
 77             "Con te", // Italian
 78             "Com você", // Portuguese
 79             "Met u", // Dutch
 80             "С вами", // Russian
 81             "与你", // Chinese (Simplified)
 82             "與您", // Chinese (Traditional)
 83             "あなたと", // Japanese
 84             "당신과", // Korean
 85             "معك", // Arabic
 86             "آپ کے ساتھ", // Urdu
 87             "আপনার সাথে", // Bengali
 88             "आपके साथ", // Hindi
 89             "Sizinle", // Turkish // Azerbaijani
 90             "Med dig", // Swedish
 91             "Z tobą", // Polish
 92             "З вами", // Ukrainian
 93             "Önnel", // Hungarian
 94             "Μαζί σας", // Greek
 95             "איתך", // Hebrew
 96             "กับคุณ", // Thai
 97             "Với bạn", // Vietnamese
 98             "Dengan Anda", // Indonesian // Malay
 99             "Nawe", // Swahili
100             "Cu dumneavoastră", // Romanian
101             "S vámi", // Czech
102             "Med deg", // Norwegian
103             "S vami", // Slovak
104             "Med dig", // Danish
105             "Amb vostè", // Catalan
106             "Teiega", // Estonian
107             "S vama", // Serbian
108           ],
109           strings.icontains(subject.subject, .)
110    )
111  )
112  
113  // contains logic that impersonates Microsoft
114  and (
115    any(ml.logo_detect(beta.message_screenshot()).brands,
116        strings.starts_with(.name, "Microsoft")
117    )
118    or any(attachments,
119           .file_type in $file_types_images
120           and any(ml.logo_detect(.).brands,
121                   strings.starts_with(.name, "Microsoft")
122           )
123    )
124    or regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
125                       '<table[^>]*>\s*<tbody[^>]*>\s*<tr[^>]*>\s*(<td[^>]*bgcolor="#[0-9A-Fa-f]{6}"[^>]*>\s*&nbsp;\s*</td>\s*){2}\s*</tr>\s*<tr[^>]*>\s*(<td[^>]*bgcolor="#[0-9A-Fa-f]{6}"[^>]*>\s*&nbsp;\s*</td>\s*){2}'
126    )
127    or 3 of (
128      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, '.password-expiration'),
129      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'color: #2672ec;'),
130      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'M­ic­ro­so­ft')
131    )
132    or 4 of (
133      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(246,\s?93,\s?53\)'),
134      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(129,\s?187,\s?5\)'),
135      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(4,\s?165,\s?240\)'),
136      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(255,\s?186,\s?7\)'),
137    )
138    or 4 of (
139      regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
140                      '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)red'
141      ),
142      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(19,\s?186,\s?132\)'),
143      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(4,\s?166,\s?240\)'),
144      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(255,\s?186,\s?8\)'),
145    )
146    or 4 of (
147      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(245,\s?189,\s?67\)'),
148      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(137,\s?184,\s?57\)'),
149      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(217,\s?83,\s?51\)'),
150      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(71,\s?160,\s?218\)')
151    )
152    or 4 of (
153      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(73,\s?161,\s?232\)'),
154      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(224,\s?92,\s?53\)'),
155      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(139,\s?183,\s?55\)'),
156      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(244,\s?188,\s?65\)')
157    )
158    or 4 of (
159      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(213,\s?56,\s?62\)'),
160      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(0,\s?114,\s?30\)'),
161      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(0,\s?110,\s?173\)'),
162      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(227,\s?209,\s?43\)'),
163    )
164    or 4 of (
165      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(246,\s?93,\s?53\)'),
166      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(129,\s?187,\s?5\)'),
167      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(4,\s?165,\s?240\)'),
168      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(255,\s?186,\s?7\)')
169    )
170    or 4 of (
171      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(242,\s?80,\s?34\)'),
172      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(127,\s?186,\s?0\)'),
173      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(0,\s?164,\s?239\)'),
174      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(255,\s?185,\s?0\)'),
175    )
176    or 4 of (
177      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(243,\s?83,\s?37\)'),
178      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(129,\s?188,\s?6\)'),
179      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(5,\s?166,\s?240\)'),
180      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(255,\s?186,\s?8\)')
181    )
182    or 4 of (
183      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(243,\s?80,\s?34\)'),
184      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(128,\s?187,\s?3\)'),
185      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(3,\s?165,\s?240\)'),
186      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(255,\s?185,\s?3\)')
187    )
188    or 4 of (
189      regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
190                      '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?(#)?(FF1940|eb5024|F25022|FF1941|red)'
191      ),
192      regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
193                      '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?(#)?(36ba57|3eb55d|7db606|7FBA00|36ba58|green)'
194      ),
195      regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
196                      '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?#(04a1d6|04B5F0|05a1e8|00A4EF|01a4ef|04a5f0)'
197      ),
198      regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
199                      '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?#(FFCA07|f7b408|FFB900|FFCA08|ffb901|ffba07)'
200      ),
201    )
202    or 4 of (
203      regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
204                      '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?#(f65314|f65d35|49a1e8|E74F23|F35325)'
205      ),
206      regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
207                      '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?#(7cbf42|81bb05|e05c35|7AB206|81BC06)'
208      ),
209      regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
210                      '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?#(00a4ef|0078d7|8bb737|04a5f0|059EE4|05A6F0)'
211      ),
212      regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
213                      '(background-color:|background:|bgcolor=)(.)?#(ffb900|ffba07|f4bc41|F2B108|FFBA08)'
214      ),
215    )
216    // fuzzy approach
217    or 4 of (
218      regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
219                      'rgb\((2[1-4][0-9]|250),\s?(7[0-9]|8[0-9]|9[0-3]),\s?(3[0-9]|4[0-9]|5[0-3])\)'
220      ),
221      regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
222                      'rgb\((12[0-9]|13[0-9]),\s?(18[0-9]|190),\s?([0-9]|10)\)'
223      ),
224      regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
225                      'rgb\(([0-9]|1[0-5]),\s?(16[0-5]|166),\s?(23[0-9]|240)\)'
226      ),
227      regex.icontains(body.html.raw,
228                      'rgb\((25[0-5]),\s?(18[5-9]|19[0-9]),\s?([0-9]|10)\)'
229      )
230    )
231    or 4 of (
232      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\((25[0-5]),\s?(2[0-5]),\s?(6[0-4])\)'),
233      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\((6[0-2]),\s?(18[0-1]),\s?(9[0-3])\)'),
234      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\(([0-4]),\s?(18[0-1]),\s?(24[0])\)'),
235      regex.icontains(body.html.raw, 'rgb\((25[0-5]),\s?(20[0-2]),\s?([0-7])\)')
236    )
237    or (
238      any(recipients.to,
239          strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text,
240                            strings.concat(.email.domain.sld,
241                                           " shared a file with you"
242                            )
243          )
244      )
245    )
246    or (
247      any(recipients.to,
248          strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text,
249                            strings.concat("This link will work for ",
250                                           .email.email
251                            )
252          )
253      )
254    )
255    // contains HTML and wording from the sharepoint template
256    or (
257      (
258        // 
259        // This rule makes use of a beta feature and is subject to change without notice
260        // using the beta feature in custom rules is not suggested until it has been formally released
261        // 
262  
263        // alt text for the global icon
264        length(html.xpath(body.html, '//img[@alt="permission globe icon"]').nodes) > 0
265        // reference to the global icon id
266        or length(html.xpath(body.html, '//img[@id="Picture_x0020_1"]').nodes) > 0
267        // a comment reference the globe icon
268        or strings.icontains(body.html.raw,
269                             ' <!-- Permission globe icon placeholder -->'
270        )
271      )
272      // the wording from the sharepoint share
273      and strings.contains(body.current_thread.text,
274                           'This invite will only work for you and people with existing access'
275      )
276    )
277    or any(html.xpath(body.html,
278                      "//*[contains(translate(@style, 'ABCDEF', 'abcdef'), 'color:#605e5c')]"
279           ).nodes,
280           .display_text =~ "Privacy Statement"
281    )
282    or 2 of (
283      strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text,
284                        'Microsoft respects your privacy'
285      ),
286      strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text,
287                        'please read our Privacy Statement'
288      ),
289      strings.icontains(body.current_thread.text,
290                        'Microsoft Corporation, One Microsoft Way, Redmond, WA 98052'
291      ),
292    )
293  )
294  
295  // Negate messages when the message-id indciates the message is from MS actual. DKIM/SPF domains can be custom and therefore are unpredictable.
296  and not (
297    strings.starts_with(headers.message_id, '<Share-')
298    and strings.ends_with(headers.message_id, '@odspnotify>')
299  )
300  
301  // fake Sharepoint shares are easy to identify if there are any links
302  // that don't point to microsoft[.]com or *.sharepoint[.]com
303  and not all(body.links,
304              .href_url.domain.root_domain in (
305                "1drv.ms",
306                "aka.ms",
307                "microsoft.com",
308                "sharepoint.com"
309              )
310  )
311  // if there is a Sharepoint link, ensure the link doesn't match any org SLDs
312  and not any(body.links,
313              (.href_url.domain.root_domain == "sharepoint.com"
314              and any($org_slds, . == ..href_url.domain.subdomain))
315              or .href_url.domain.domain in $tenant_domains
316  )
317  and sender.email.domain.root_domain not in $org_domains
318  and sender.email.domain.root_domain not in (
319    "bing.com",
320    "microsoft.com",
321    "microsoftonline.com",
322    "microsoftsupport.com",
323    "microsoft365.com",
324    "office.com",
325    "onedrive.com",
326    "sharepointonline.com",
327    "yammer.com",
328    // ignore microsoft privacy statement links
329    "aka.ms"
330  )
331  
332  and not (
333     (
334      (
335        strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "RE:")
336        or strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "R:")
337        or strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "ODG:")
338        or strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "答复:")
339        or strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "AW:")
340        or strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "TR:")
341        or strings.istarts_with(subject.subject, "FWD:")
342        or regex.imatch(subject.subject, '(\[[^\]]+\]\s?){0,3}(re|fwd?)\s?:')
343        or regex.imatch(subject.subject,
344                        '^\[?(EXT|EXTERNAL)\]?[: ]\s*(RE|FWD?|FW|AW|TR|ODG|答复):.*'
345        )
346      )
347      and (
348        (
349          length(headers.references) > 0
350          or headers.in_reply_to is not null
351        )
352        // ensure that there are actual threads
353        and (
354          length(body.previous_threads) > 0
355          or (length(body.html.display_text) - length(body.current_thread.text)) > 200
356        )
357      )
358    )
359  )
360  
361  // negate highly trusted sender domains unless they fail DMARC authentication
362  and (
363    (
364      sender.email.domain.root_domain in $high_trust_sender_root_domains
365      and not headers.auth_summary.dmarc.pass
366    )
367    or sender.email.domain.root_domain not in $high_trust_sender_root_domains
368  )
369  and (
370    profile.by_sender().solicited == false
371    or profile.by_sender_email().prevalence == "new"
372    or profile.by_sender_email().days_since.last_contact > 30
373    or (
374      profile.by_sender().any_messages_malicious_or_spam
375      and not profile.by_sender().any_messages_benign
376    )
377    // or it's a spoof of the org_domain
378    or (
379      sender.email.domain.domain in $org_domains
380      and not (
381        headers.auth_summary.spf.pass
382        or coalesce(headers.auth_summary.dmarc.pass, false)
383      )
384    )
385  )
386  and not profile.by_sender().any_messages_benign  
387
388attack_types:
389  - "Credential Phishing"
390  - "Malware/Ransomware"
391detection_methods:
392  - "Content analysis"
393  - "Header analysis"
394  - "URL analysis"
395  - "Computer Vision"
396tactics_and_techniques:
397  - "Impersonation: Brand"
398  - "Social engineering"
399id: "ff8b296b-aa0d-5df0-b4d2-0e599b688f6a"
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